Forest Products Mechanics (6 Ects / 4ov) 3513055
Puutuotteiden mekaniikka
Petri P.
Kärenlampi
Lectures 26 h,
Exercises 74 h, literature and examinations 60 h
Essentials: Strain. Stress. Stress-strain
relations. Transformations. Time-dependent mechanical behavior. Moisture and
temperature effects.
Complementary
knowledge:
Irrecoverable deformations. Energy dissipation. The fracture energy.
Special
knowledge:
Brittleness. Strain-softening.
Student
will gain ability to analyze, evaluate and develop mechanical behavior of
structures, in particular those made of porous, anisotropic, hygroscopic and
time-dependent materials.
Lectures 26 hours:
Monday,
Wednesday, Room Bor101
11.9. 2023 8-10 Normal Strain
Normal Stress
Stress-Strain Relations
13.9. 8-12 Volumetric Strain
Shear Strain
Shear Stress
Multiaxial Stress and Strain States
Off-Axis Stress and Strain
Stress and Strain Transformations
18.9. 8-10 Time-Dependent Mechanical Behavior
20.9. 8-12 Moisture and Temperature Effects
Time-Temperature-Moisture-Specific Volume –
Equivalency
25.9. 8-10 Irrecoverable Deformations
27.9. 8-12 Yield Criterion
2.10. 8-10 Strength of Materials
The Fracture Energy
4.10. 8-12 Brittleness and Strain-Softening
9.10. 8-10 Wood Products Applications
11.10. 8-12 Pulping Applications
Paper and Paperboard Applications
Lectures will be given at Bor101, and streamed with
Video Conference Apparatus into Microsoft Teams. Presently, there are no
restrictions to presence in the lecture room. Any participant shall have an
opportunity to present questions and comments either in the lecture room or
within the Teams-meeting.
Exam will be on site. Please check the exam dates
proposed below. Let the lecturer know if there is any time conflict.
Lectures on Mondays can be joined at
Lectures on Wednesdays can be joined at
Grading:
Weekly
exercises 25%
Exam 75%
There are three
types of exercises.
Firstly, there
are weekly exercises. Then, there is an experimental exercise. And finally,
there is a project exercise, where each student presents a forest products
application of Mechanics.
Weekly exercises are due each Monday at 9 am, between September 18 and
October 9, to be returned to the green metallic mailbox by the main entrance of the Borealis Building.
Experimental exercise September
29.
Reporting Sessions for
Experimental exercise on October 13th (Room Bor100), at 12-16.
Project exercise
September-October.
Course Literature:
Tsai, S. W. and Hahn, H. T., Introduction to composite materials.
Technomic Publishing Co.,
Simo, J. C. and Hughes, T. J. R., Computational inelasticity.
Interdisciplinary applied mathematics, Springer Verlag 1998, pp. 1-70.
Smith, T. L., Stress-strain-time-temperature relationship for polymers.
ASTM Materials Sci. Series 3, STP-325. American Society of Testing and
Materials,
Final examination October 16, at
12-14, Room Bor101.
Possibility for eventual
renewals October 30 at 12-14, Room Bor100.
Exercises
Contents:
There are three
types of exercises:
1.Weekly
exercises
As explained above.
The approximated time consumption is 37 hours.
Lecture recordings
https://uef.cloud.panopto.eu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=5bb75ced-34a1-4b78-9ab3-b07a00ba7701
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2.
Implementation and analysis of mechanical experiments
The approximated time consumption of
this exercise is 24 hours, of which 2 hours in implementation of the
experiment, and 22 hours for analyzing the results.
Briefly, the exercises contain
Experimental determination of:
Small-Strain Stiffness
Stress-Strain Curve
Tangential Stiffness
Irrecoverable Strain
Thermal expansion
Large-Strain Stiffness
Energy Dissipation
The effect of the following factors
on the characteristics above
will be investigated:
Moisture Content
Straining Rate
3. Presentation of an application of
mechanics in the
The approximated time consumption of this
exercise is 13 hours, which is budgeted for the study of an application, on the
basis of literature, and the preparation of a presentation regarding it. The
presentations (each of duration 20...30 minutes, followed by discussion) will
be given during the three last sessions of the lecture program.
Any presentation of application is
supposed to based in documents identified by the
instructor. The title of the presentation is to be designed by the presenter.
The following literature is to be used as a basis of presentations. Any
participant may choose one of the following groups of references:
A/
3211.
Brebner, K. I., Schneider, M. H. and St-Pierre, L.
E., Flexural strength of polymer-impregnated eastern white pine. For. Prod. J.
35(2):22-27 (1985).
3210.
Brebner, K. I., Schneider, M. H. and Jones, R. T.,
The influence of moisture content on the flexural strength of
styrene-polymerized wood. For. Prod. J. 38(4):55-58 (1988).
3217.
Schneider, M. H., Phillips, J. G., Tingley, D. A. and Brebner,
K. I., Mechanical properties of polymer-impregnated sugar maple. For. Prod. J.
40(1):37-41 (1990).
3215.
Schneider, M. H., Brebner, K. I. and Hartley,
B/
3845.
English, B. W. and Falk, R. H., Factors that affect the application of woodfiber-plastic composites. In Proceedings: "Woodfiber-plastic composites: virgin and recycled wood
fiber and polymers for composites", May 1-3, 1995, Madison, Wisc., pp.
189-194. Forest Products Society,
3852.
Kortschot, M. T., Engineering design and materials seclection: principles and applications for woodfiber-polymer composites. Fourth International
Conference on Woodfiber-Plastic Composites, May
12-14, 1997,
3835.
Simonsen, J., The mechanical properties of woodfiber-plastic
composites: theoretical vs. experimental. In Proceedings: "Woodfiber-plastic composites: virgin and recycled wood
fiber and polymers for composites", May 1-3, 1995, Madison, Wisc., pp.
47-55. Forest Products Society,
3854.
Maiti, S. N., Wood flour-polypropylene
composites: structure-property relationships. Fourth International Conference
on Woodfiber-Plastic Composites, May 12-14, 1997,
3866.
Selke, S. E. and Childress, J., Wood fiber/high-density polyethylene
composites: ability of additives to enhance mechanical properties. In:"Wood-Fiber/Polymer Composites: Fundamental
Concepts, Processes, and Material Options", Ed. M. P. Wolcott. Forest
Products Society,
4495. Stamm, A. J.,
Burr, H. K. and Kline, A. A., Staybwood – a heat
stabilized wood.
4498. Stamm, A. J.,Thermal degradation
of wood and cellulose.
4499. Stamm, A. J.
and Baechler, R. H., Decay resistance and dimensional
stability of five modified woods.
4496. Hillis, W. E., High temperature and
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4487.
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4489. Thermowood.
Finnish thermowood association.
http://www.thermowood.fi/pdf/thermowood_english.pdf
E/
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M., Norimoto, M., Tanahashi,
M. and Rowell, R. M., Steam of heat fixation of compressed wood. Wood Fiber Sci. 25:224-235 (1993).
4491.
Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematsu,
M., Shinoda, Y. and C. Ohta,
C., Compressive-Molding of wood by high-pressure
steam-treatment: Part 1. Development of compressively molded
squares from thinnings. Holzforschung
52:211-216 (1998).
4492.
Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematsu,
M. and Shinoda, Y., Compressive-molding of wood by
high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 2. Mechanism of permanent fixation. Holzforschung
52:217-221 (1998).
4103.
Tanahashi, M., Kyomori, K.,
Shigematsu, M. and Onwona-Agyeman,
S., Development of compressive molding process of wood by high-pressure steam
and mechanism of permanent fixation for transformed shape. Fist International
Conference of the European Society of Wood Mechanics, April 19-21, 2001,
4104.
Heger, F., Girardet, F., Moeckli, P. and Navi, P., Thermo-hydro-mechanical demsification and influence of post-treatment on
set-recovery. Fist International Conference of the European Society of Wood
Mechanics, April 19-21, 2001,
4466. Wallström,
L., Lindberg, K. A. H. and Johansson,
4467. Wallström,
L., and Lindberg, K. A. H., Wood surface stabilization with polyethylene
glycol, PEG. Wood Sci. Tech. 29:109-119 (1995).
4465. Wallström,
L., and Lindberg, K. A. H., Measurement of cell wall penetration in wood of
water-based chemicals using SEM/EDS and STEM/I. Wood Sci. Tech. 33(2):111-122
(1999).
G/
4386. Kifetew, G.,Thuvander, F., Berglund, L. A. and Lindberg, H., The effect
of drying on wood fracture surfaces from specimens tested in wet condition,
Wood Sci. Tech. 32(2):83-94 (1998).
4034.
Thuvander, F., Wallström,
L., Berglund, L. A. and Lindberg, K. A. H., Effects of an impregnation
procedure for prevention of wood cell wall damage due to drying. Wood Sci. Tech. 34(6):473-480
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3512. Björkqvist, T., Menetelmä ja
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4230. Björkqvist,
T. and Lucander, M., Grinding surface with an
energy-efficient profile. 2001 International Mechanical Pulping Conference,
Helsinki, Finland, June 4-8, 2001, pp. 373-380.
I/
4473. Kärenlampi,
P. P., Tynjälä, P. and Ström,
P.: Molecular fatigue in cell walls. 2002 Paper Physics Seminar, Finger Lakes,
NY, Sept. 8-13, pp. 240-243
4377. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä, P. and Ström, P.,
Molecular reorganization in wood. Mechanics of Materials 35(12):1149-1159
(2003).
4322. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä,
P. and Ström, P., Molecular fatigue in steamed wood.
Int. J. Fatigue 25(6):489-497 (2003).
4249. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä,
P. and Ström, P., Off-axis fatigue loading of steamed
wood. Int. J. Fatigue 24(12):1235-1242 (2002).
J/
2623. Östlund, S., Niskanen, K. and Kärenlampi, P., On the prediction of the
strength of paper structures with a flaw. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 25(10):353-360
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3579.
Östlund, S. and Kärenlampi, P., Structural geometry
effect on the size-scaling of strength. Int. J. Fract.
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2661.
Tryding, J. and Gustafsson, P. J., Characterisation of tensile fracture properties of paper. Tappi 83(2):84-89 (2000).
3622.
Tryding, J. and Gustafsson, P. J., Analysis of
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3342. Uesaka, T. and Ferahi, M., Principal factors controlling press room
breaks. 1999 Paper Physics Conference,
4486. Uesaka, T., Ferahi, M., Hristopulos, D.,
Deng, N. and Moss, C., Factors controlling press room runnability of paper .
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impact on web brake rates. PPP2002, Progress in Paper Physics Seminar, Finger
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Fellers, C., Numerical modeling of the cross direction shrinkage profile in a
dryer section. A first approach. 1999 Paper Physics Conference,
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2976.
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M., Östlund, Ö., Carlsson, L. A. and Fellers, C.,
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4443. Persson, M. and Wahlström, T., The development of moisture gradients using
different stategies and their influence on
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4841. Stanzl-Tschegg, S. E., Microstructure and fracture
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