Forest Products Mechanics (6 Ects / 4ov) 160317
Puutuotteiden mekaniikka
Petri P.
Kärenlampi
Lectures 26 h,
Exercises 74 h, literature and examinations 60 h
Strain.
Stress. Stress-strain relations. Co-ordinate transformations. Time-dependent
mechanical behavior. Moisture and temperature effects.
Irrecoverable
deformations. Energy dissipation. The fracture energy.
Brittleness.
Strain-softening.
Lectures 26 hours:
Monday,
Wednesday, Room Bor101, CA106
12.9. 2016 8-10 Normal
Strain
Normal
Stress
Stress-Strain
Relations
14.9. 8-12 Volumetric Strain
Shear
Strain
Shear
Stress
Multiaxial
Stress and Strain States
Off-Axis
Stress and Strain
Stress
and Strain Transformations
19.9. 8-10 Time-Dependent
Mechanical Behavior
21.9. 8-12 Moisture and
Temperature Effects Time-Temperature-Moisture-Specific Volume –
Equivalency
26.9. 8-10 Irrecoverable
Deformations
28.9. 8-12 Yield Criterion
03.10. 8-10 Strength of Materials
The
Fracture Energy
05.10. 8-12 Brittleness and
Strain-Softening
10.10. 8-10 Wood Products
Applications
12.10. 8-12 Pulping Applications
Paper
and Paperboard Applications
Grading:
Weekly
exercises 25%
Exam 75%
There are three
types of exercises.
Firstly, there
are weekly exercises. Then, there is an experimental exercise. And finally,
there is a project exercise, where each student presents a forest products
application of Mechanics.
Weekly exercises are due each Monday at 9 am, between September 19 and
October 10, to be returned to a mailbox by the main entrance of the Borealis
Building.
Reporting
session for the last weekly exercise Monday,
October 17, 8-10 at ????????.
Experimental exercise
September-October.
Reporting Sessions for Experimental exercise on October 21th (Room ????), at 12-16.
Project exercise
September-October.
Course Literature:
Tsai, S. W. and Hahn, H. T., Introduction to composite materials. Technomic Publishing Co.,
Simo, J. C. and Hughes, T. J. R., Computational inelasticity.
Interdisciplinary applied mathematics, Springer Verlag
1998, pp. 1-70.
Smith, T. L., Stress-strain-time-temperature relationship for polymers.
ASTM Materials Sci. Series 3, STP-325. American Society of Testing and
Materials,
Final examination October 24, 2016 at 8-10, Room ???.
Possibility for eventual renewals November 7, 2016 at 8-10, Room ?????.
Exercises
Contents:
There are three
types of exercises:
1.Weekly
exercises
As explained above.
The approximated time consumption is 37 hours.
2. Implementation and analysis of mechanical
experiments
The
approximated time consumption of this exercise is 24 hours, of which 2 hours in
implementation of the experiment, and 22 hours for analyzing the results.
Detailed
instructions are given below.
Briefly, the
exercises contain
Experimental
determination of:
Small-Strain
Stiffness
Stress-Strain
Curve
Tangential
Stiffness
Irrecoverable
Strain
Thermal
expansion
Large-Strain
Stiffness
Energy
Dissipation
The effect of the
following factors on the characteristics above
will be
investigated:
Moisture
Content
Straining Rate
3. Presentation
of an application of mechanics in the
The
approximated time consumption of this exercise is 13 hours, which is budgeted
for the study of an application, on the basis of literature, and the
preparation of a presentation regarding it. The presentations (each of duration
20...30 minutes, followed by discussion) will be given during the three last
sessions of the lecture program.
Any
presentation of application is supposed to based in
documents identified by the instructor. The title of the presentation is to be
designed by the presenter. The following literature is to be used as a basis of
presentations. Any participant may choose one of the following groups of
references:
A/
3211. Brebner, K. I., Schneider, M. H. and St-Pierre, L. E.,
Flexural strength of polymer-impregnated eastern white pine. For. Prod. J.
35(2):22-27 (1985).
3210. Brebner, K. I., Schneider, M. H. and Jones, R. T., The
influence of moisture content on the flexural strength of styrene-polymerized
wood. For. Prod. J. 38(4):55-58 (1988).
3217.
Schneider, M. H., Phillips, J. G., Tingley, D. A. and
Brebner, K. I., Mechanical properties of polymer-impregnated
sugar maple. For. Prod. J. 40(1):37-41 (1990).
3215.
Schneider, M. H., Brebner, K. I. and Hartley,
B/
3845. English, B.
W. and Falk, R. H., Factors that affect the application of woodfiber-plastic
composites. In Proceedings: "Woodfiber-plastic
composites: virgin and recycled wood fiber and polymers for composites",
May 1-3, 1995, Madison, Wisc., pp. 189-194. Forest Products Society,
3852. Kortschot, M. T., Engineering design and materials seclection: principles and applications for woodfiber-polymer composites. Fourth International
Conference on Woodfiber-Plastic Composites, May
12-14, 1997,
3835. Simonsen, J., The mechanical properties of woodfiber-plastic composites: theoretical vs. experimental.
In Proceedings: "Woodfiber-plastic composites:
virgin and recycled wood fiber and polymers for composites", May 1-3,
1995, Madison, Wisc., pp. 47-55. Forest Products Society,
3854. Maiti, S. N., Wood flour-polypropylene composites:
structure-property relationships. Fourth International Conference on Woodfiber-Plastic Composites, May 12-14, 1997,
3866. Selke, S. E. and Childress, J., Wood fiber/high-density
polyethylene composites: ability of additives to enhance mechanical properties.
In:"Wood-Fiber/Polymer Composites: Fundamental
Concepts, Processes, and Material Options", Ed. M. P. Wolcott. Forest
Products Society,
4495. Stamm, A. J.,
Burr, H. K. and Kline, A. A., Staybwood – a heat
stabilized wood.
4498. Stamm,
A. J.,Thermal degradation of wood and cellulose.
4499. Stamm, A. J.
and Baechler, R. H., Decay resistance and dimensional
stability of five modified woods.
4496. Hillis, W. E.,
High temperature and chemical effects on wood stability. Wood Sci.
Tech.18:281-293 (1984).
4487.
4315. Kamdem, D. P., Pizzi, A. and Jermannaud, A.,
Durability of heat-treated wood. Holz als Roh- un Werkstoff
60(1):1-6 (2002).
4489. Thermowood. Finnish thermowood
association.
http://www.thermowood.fi/pdf/thermowood_english.pdf
E/
4490. Inoue, M., Norimoto,
M., Tanahashi, M. and Rowell, R. M., Steam of heat
fixation of compressed wood. Wood Fiber Sci.
25:224-235 (1993).
4491. Ito, Y., Tanahashi,
M., Shigematsu, M., Shinoda,
Y. and C. Ohta, C., Compressive-Molding of
wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 1. Development of compressively molded squares from thinnings. Holzforschung 52:211-216 (1998).
4492. Ito, Y., Tanahashi, M., Shigematsu, M. and
Shinoda, Y., Compressive-molding
of wood by high-pressure steam-treatment: Part 2. Mechanism of permanent
fixation. Holzforschung
52:217-221 (1998).
4103. Tanahashi, M., Kyomori, K., Shigematsu, M. and Onwona-Agyeman,
S., Development of compressive molding process of wood by high-pressure steam
and mechanism of permanent fixation for transformed shape. Fist International
Conference of the European Society of Wood Mechanics, April 19-21, 2001,
4104. Heger, F., Girardet, F., Moeckli, P. and Navi, P.,
Thermo-hydro-mechanical demsification and influence
of post-treatment on set-recovery. Fist International Conference of the
European Society of Wood Mechanics,
April 19-21, 2001,
4466. Wallström, L., Lindberg, K. A. H. and Johansson,
4467. Wallström, L., and Lindberg, K. A. H., Wood surface
stabilization with polyethylene glycol, PEG. Wood Sci. Tech. 29:109-119 (1995).
4465. Wallström, L., and Lindberg, K. A. H., Measurement of cell
wall penetration in wood of water-based chemicals using SEM/EDS and STEM/I.
Wood Sci. Tech. 33(2):111-122 (1999).
G/
4386. Kifetew, G.,Thuvander, F.,
Berglund, L. A. and Lindberg, H., The effect of drying on wood fracture
surfaces from specimens tested in wet condition, Wood Sci. Tech. 32(2):83-94
(1998).
4034. Thuvander, F., Wallström, L., Berglund, L. A. and Lindberg, K. A. H., Effects of an impregnation procedure for prevention of wood cell wall damage due to drying. Wood Sci. Tech. 34(6):473-480 (2001).
H/
3512.
Björkqvist, T., Menetelmä ja laite puun mekaaniseksi kuiduttamiseksi. Förfarande och anordning för
mekanisk defibrering av trä. Finnish Patent 98148 (1995). WO9638624: Method and apparatus
for mechanical defibration of wood, published
1996-12-05.
4230. Björkqvist, T. and Lucander, M., Grinding surface with an energy-efficient
profile. 2001 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, Helsinki, Finland,
June 4-8, 2001, pp. 373-380.
I/
4473. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä,
P. and Ström, P.: Molecular fatigue in cell walls.
2002 Paper Physics Seminar, Finger Lakes, NY, Sept. 8-13, pp. 240-243
4377.
Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä,
P. and Ström, P., Molecular reorganization in wood.
Mechanics of Materials 35(12):1149-1159
(2003).
4322. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä, P. and Ström, P., Molecular
fatigue in steamed wood. Int. J. Fatigue 25(6):489-497 (2003).
4249. Kärenlampi, P. P., Tynjälä, P. and Ström, P.,
Off-axis fatigue loading of steamed wood. Int. J. Fatigue 24(12):1235-1242
(2002).
J/
2623. Östlund, S., Niskanen, K. and
Kärenlampi, P., On the prediction of the strength of paper structures with a
flaw. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 25(10):353-360 (1999).
K/
3579. Östlund, S. and Kärenlampi, P., Structural geometry effect
on the size-scaling of strength. Int. J. Fract.
109(2):141-151 (2001).
L/
2661. Tryding, J. and Gustafsson, P.
J., Characterisation of tensile fracture properties
of paper. Tappi 83(2):84-89 (2000).
3622. Tryding, J. and Gustafsson, P.
J., Analysis of notched newsprint sheet in mode I fracture. J. Pulp Paper Sci.
27(3):103-109 (2001).
M/
3342. Uesaka, T. and Ferahi,
M., Principal factors controlling press room breaks. 1999 Paper Physics
Conference,
4486. Uesaka, T., Ferahi, M., Hristopulos, D.,
Deng, N. and Moss, C., Factors controlling press room runnability
of paper . 12th Fundamental Research Symposium,
4452.
Hristopoulos, D. T. and Uesaka, T., Model of
machine-direction web dynamics and impact on web brake rates. PPP2002, Progress
in Paper Physics Seminar, Finger Lakes /
N/
3362. Wahlström, T., Adolfsson,
K., Östlund, S. and Fellers, C., Numerical modeling
of the cross direction shrinkage profile in a dryer section. A first approach.
1999 Paper Physics Conference,
O/
2976. Glynn,
P., Jones, H. W. H. and Gallay, W., The fundamentals
of curl in paper. Pulp Paper
2973. Gray, D. G., Chirality and curl in paper sheets. J. Pulp Paper
Sci. 15(3):J105-109 (1989).
4458. Östlund, M., Östlund, Ö., Carlsson, L. A. and Fellers, C., Experimental determination
of residual stresses in paperboard. PPP2002, Progress in Paper Physics Seminar,
Finger Lakes / Syracuse, NY, Sept. 8-13, 2002, pp. 180-183..
4443. Persson, M. and Wahlström, T.,
The development of moisture gradients using different stategies
and their influence on process-induced curl. PPP2002, Progress in Paper Physics
Seminar, Finger Lakes /
P/
4841. Stanzl-Tschegg,
S. E., Microstructure and fracture mechanical response of wood. Int. J. Fract. 139:495-508 (2006).